How to live in Japan

Living in Japan

Japan is known for its high quality of life, safe neighborhoods, and excellent public services. The country’s unique combination of traditional cultural values and modern infrastructure make it a fascinating place to live. Major cities like Tokyo, Osaka, and Kyoto are equipped with efficient public transportation systems, a vast array of entertainment options, and access to high-quality healthcare. Many foreigners are drawn to Japan for its strong work culture, beautiful landscapes, and vibrant local traditions.

However, living in Japan also requires adjusting to cultural norms and an emphasis on social harmony. The Japanese value politeness, punctuality, and cleanliness, which are reflected in daily interactions. Life in Japan often requires learning to respect and adapt to these cultural expectations to integrate smoothly into society.

Requirements for Moving to Japan

Moving to Japan involves several essential steps, including obtaining a visa, finding accommodation, and setting up daily services. Here are some critical considerations for the relocation process:

1. Visa and Residence Permit:
Securing the correct visa is one of the most important steps in moving to Japan. Common visa types include work visas, student visas, and spouse visas. For example, a work visa requires sponsorship from a Japanese employer and proof of qualifications. Upon arrival, individuals must register their residence at the local city hall and obtain a residence card (known as zairyū card) if they plan to stay long-term.

2. Finding Housing:
Renting an apartment in Japan often involves a complex process, as it may require the assistance of a Japanese guarantor (a person or company who takes financial responsibility if the tenant cannot pay). In Japan, renters may also need to pay several upfront costs, such as a deposit, key money (a non-refundable "gift" to the landlord), and the first month’s rent. Some foreigners opt for short-term accommodations or furnished apartments, which often simplify the moving process.

3. Setting Up Utilities and Services:
Once settled, it’s essential to arrange basic services like electricity, gas, water, and internet. Some utility companies may require assistance from a Japanese speaker during the setup process, as the paperwork and customer service are often in Japanese. Additionally, setting up a bank account and registering for the national health insurance system are critical steps for new residents in Japan.

4. Language Skills:
Although some English is spoken in Japan, particularly in urban areas, knowing Japanese greatly improves one’s quality of life. Many foreigners moving to Japan find that learning Japanese—especially basic conversational skills—helps them in daily interactions and makes integrating into society easier. Language skills can also be necessary for dealing with administrative procedures and understanding rental agreements, contracts, and other official documents.

Challenges After Starting Life in Japan

While Japan is an appealing place to live, adjusting to life there can come with certain difficulties.

・Language Barrier:
Although many younger Japanese people and professionals in urban areas have a basic knowledge of English, Japanese is predominantly spoken in daily life. Navigating public services, reading signs, and understanding contracts or other documents can be challenging for those who do not speak Japanese. Learning even basic Japanese can be extremely helpful in reducing language-related challenges.

・Work Culture:
Japanese work culture is known for its long hours and emphasis on group harmony and loyalty to the company. This can be challenging for foreigners who are used to more relaxed working hours and a stronger emphasis on work-life balance. In some industries, employees are expected to work overtime, attend company gatherings, and engage in after-hours activities with coworkers. While these practices are changing in some companies, adjusting to Japanese work expectations can be challenging for new residents.

・Social Etiquette and Cultural Norms:
Japan places high value on social harmony, which involves following strict etiquette in both personal and professional interactions. Some common practices, such as bowing, avoiding direct confrontation, and speaking politely, may be unfamiliar to those from different cultural backgrounds. Additionally, certain behaviors, like speaking on the phone on public transportation or being loud in public spaces, are generally frowned upon in Japan, which can be an adjustment for foreigners.

・Cost of Living:
Japan has a relatively high cost of living, particularly in urban centers like Tokyo and Osaka. Housing, transportation, and food can be costly, especially for those living in central city locations. Budgeting carefully and finding ways to save money, such as using public transportation, shopping at affordable supermarkets, and choosing affordable housing options, are essential for adjusting to the cost of living in Japan.

・Finding Community and Making Friends:
While Japanese people are often kind and polite, it can be difficult for foreigners to build close relationships, as social circles are often established from a young age and can be hard to penetrate. Language skills can be instrumental in making friends, and joining local clubs, language exchange groups, or other community activities can help newcomers build a social network.